Adaptation of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) to Northern European agriculture: studies on developmental pattern

The inheritance of resistance to clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae in Brassica oleracea was studied in the F₁, F₂and backcross progenies of three crosses between resistant and susceptible doubled haploid lines. Fresh weights of affected (CW) and healthy (HRW) parts of the root system were measured and R = ln((HRW+0.5)/(CW+0.5)) was used as a measure of resistance. R was shown to have a normally distributed error term with a constant standard deviation over the entire scale. Analysis of means indicated the presence of two complementary resistance genes in one of the crosses. In the other two crosses analysis of means also indicated two-locus interactions, in these cases reducing the cumulative effects of loci homozygous for resistance or for susceptibility alleles. The numbers of segregating resistance genes in these two crosses could not be determined. The presence of epistatic interactions precluded analysis of variance; therefore in this case the measurements were not more informative than the symptom grades analyzed in a previous study.R showed a high rank correlation (-0.85) with symptom grades assigned to the same plants. The results of genetic analyses of R were generally in agreement with those obtained earlier using symptom grades. Symptom grades can therefore be regarded as a reliable measure of symptom development, despite their more subjective nature.     

Effects of vegetable oil supplementation on feed intake,rumen fermentation,growth performance,and carcass characteristic of growing swamp buffaloes

Fifteen, one year old swamp buffalo males with average liveweight of 200.5 ± 9.5 kg were randomly assigned according to a completely randomized design to receive three dietary treatments of supplemental vegetable oils in concentrate contained 140, 750, and 16 g of crude protein, total digestible nutrient, and ether extract, respectively (T1 = unsupplemented, T2 = supplemental coconut oil and sunflower oil in ratio 50:50 at 6% of concentrate, and T3 = supplemental sunflower oil at 6% of concentrate) during a 5-month feeding trial. Urea-treated rice straw was offered ad libitum and concentrate was supplemented at 150 g/kg BW. The results revealed that supplementation of vegetable oils decreased dry matter intake in sunflower oil supplemented group. Combination of coconut oil and sunflower oil supplementation resulted in similar average daily gain as those found in control and in sunflower oil supplemented groups. Rumen microorganism population, ammonia–nitrogen, blood urea–nitrogen and total volatile fatty acid concentrations were decreased as vegetable oils were supplemented. Oil supplementation slightly reduced growth rate, hot carcass percentage, loin eye area particularly on sunflower oil supplemented group. Based on these findings, vegetable oil resulted in decreased performance of swamp buffaloes although the combination of coconut oil and sunflower oil could reduce negative effect of unsaturated oil supplementation. However, further analyses of conjugated fatty acids (CLA) in meat could offer useful information in determining pronounced effects of vegetable oil supplementation.     

芳香疗法在园林中的应用研究

介绍了芳香疗法的定义、发展过程以及国内外研究应用现状。芳香疗法具有疗效可靠、安全舒适、无毒副作用的特点。在防病疗疾、优化环境以及精神方面均有独特的功效。提出了“芳香植物专类园”、“夜花园”、“盲人植物园”、“保健绿地”等园林绿地的应用技术。     

沙芥全草总黄酮提取方法及含量测定的研究

本文采用碱提酸沉法、超声波提取法、甲醇直接提取法、乙醇提取法和热水浸提法对沙芥全草总黄酮进行了提取方法的选择,同时采用硝酸铝比色法进行了总黄酮含量的测定,结果表明:(1)各种方法的提取效率依次为:碱提酸沉法>超声波提取法>甲醇直接提取法>乙醇提取法>热水浸提法;(2)碱提酸沉法提取沙芥总黄酮的提取效率较高,其精密度好,回收率高,适合对沙芥总黄酮的提取,同时采用硝酸铝比色法对总黄酮含量进行测定,其精密度也较高,并测得沙芥全草总黄酮含量为4.8049mg/g,证明其是一种值得开发的药用植物资源。     

充水式潜水电机温升计算

充水式潜水电机的热传导和散热方式比较复杂，一般在计算潜水电机温升时，多采用类比法来计算，而类比法计算精度较低，本文采用简化热器法计算潜水电机的温升，经试验证明了该方法较为精确，它可以替代原精度较差的类比法。     

Quantifying the effect of Managed Aquifer Recharge on the microbiological human health risks of irrigating crops with recycled water

Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) is increasingly being used for water recycling via aquifers and recovery for irrigation. Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) was used to assess the human health risks from irrigation using reclaimed water and to evaluate the reduction in risk where MAR is used for irrigation management. Four MAR sites (Shafdan, Israel; Nardò, Italy; Bolivar, Australia; and Sabadell, Spain) that use reclaimed water for crop and/or park irrigation were evaluated, and the risk to human health was quantified in terms of DALYs (Disability Adjusted Life Years). The results indicated that median risks for all scenarios and pathogens evaluated were acceptable (<10⁻⁶ DALYs) with the exception of risks from accidental aerosol ingestion and bacterial pathogens at the Nardò site. MAR was found to be one of the most important treatment barriers in terms of log₁₀ inactivation credits and hence a useful tool for recycled water irrigation management. The Shafdan site relied almost completely on the MAR treatment to reduce the human health risks from irrigation to acceptable levels. For the Nardò site MAR was also an important barrier, where if MAR had not been used as part of the irrigation system the risk would be unacceptable for protozoa and viruses. The Bolivar and Sabadell sites had much larger and more technologically complex recycled water treatment systems and as such MAR was not a critical barrier in managing human health risks.     

基于逐级均值聚类算法的短期负荷预测研究

在原有短期负荷预测方法的基础上,考虑气候、季节、气温和节假日等因素,结合数据挖掘中聚类分析原理,通过逐级均值聚类算法提高特殊日的预测精度,形成一套可行的预测模型。实例分析证明,该方法收敛速度较快,预测误差较小,能够在工程中应用。     

畜牧推广学教学体系改革探讨

畜牧推广学是是西北农林科技大学动物科学专业新开设的重要专业选修课之一。针对目前该门课程教学中存在的教材针对性不强、课时少、内容繁杂、学生对畜牧生产过程了解甚少而学习兴趣不高等问题。为了在有限的教学时间内帮助和引导学生更好地掌握畜牧推广学的相关知识和技能,提高教学效果,在总结笔者多年从事该门课程教学经验的基础上,文章从创新教材体系、优化教学内容、改进教学手段、改革教学方法、改革考试形式和考核方式等五个方面,对畜牧推广学教学体系改革的方向和措施进行了简要论述。     

农资电子交易平台的身份认证研究与实现

通过分析比较网络安全中常用的身份认证方式,针对农资电子交易中的实际需求,结合常用认证方式的优缺点提出了一种新的综合身份认证方式,并介绍了该认证方式的实现方法。该认证方式将静态口令、手机口令和数字证书三者相结合,提高了身份认证的可靠性。分析结果表明,这种身份认证方式能够较好地保证电子交易的安全。     

广义Riesz平均的交换子

讨论了一类Ｒｉｅｓｚ平均与ＢＭＯ函数生成的交换子的Ｌ＾ｐ有界性问题。得到的结果表明在超曲面的高斯曲率不为零的条件下，与经典的Ｂｏｃｈｍｅｒ－Ｒｉｅｓｚ平均有相类似的结果。